Secure the Future 2100 Climate Topic Briefs are overviews of key concepts to help you understand the rapidly changing world of the Earth's climate, new insights from climate science and impacts on policy.
As Atlantic waters enter the Arctic Ocean , it becomes saltier and warmer - a process called Atlantification – resulting in dramatic consequences for Arctic human inhabitants and the flora and fauna in the region.
Arctic amplification feedback processes such as sea ice reflectivity feedback, thawing permafrost, Atlantificction, and weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Ocean Circulation pattern, in addition to other changes have turned Arctic warming from a consequence into a driver of global warming.
Multiyear ice (>6 years old) – the type that has existed in the Arctic for centuries has high reflectivity with 80% to 90% of the solar energy striking the ice is reflected back into space. As the Arctic warms, however, more sea ice is lost and reflectivity decreases causing additional warming and resulting in even more sea ice loss.
Renewable fuels and returning biological systems to their ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere are two ways to mitigate the effects of global warming.
There are significant things that you can do as an individual that can provide relief to the climate .
The increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) from burning fossil fuels is impacting the photosynthesis process of most plants including food crops resulting in the reduction of plant nutrients.
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